Part 2: View by Topics 6. Students Studying in the Netherlands at the End of the Edo Period

This journal covers the voyage from July 14, 1862 to March 8, 1863. It is believed to be a summary made after the voyage. This image shows November 27, when the ship he was on ran aground, and December 9, the day they reached Batavia.

A simple history is recorded in the beginning. It is chronological and gives an annual summary for each year starting in 1857. It records his studies in the Netherlands starting in 1862, and continues until he arrives in The Hague in 1863. It is thought to have been written in the 1860s-70s.

This letter was sent from Nagasaki to his true younger brother Kinshiro. Noriyoshi gave advice on his brother's studies while he was away from Japan. He also asked his brother to take care of his Dutch books and the books he had borrowed from the Warship Navigation Institute.

This is the last of the three remaining voyage journals of Akamatsu Noriyoshi. The 'No.2' written on cover is a mistake and should be 'No.3'. It covers the period from March 29 to June 5, 1863 from the departure of the island of St. Helena to the arrival in Leiden. This image shows the entries from June 2 when making port in Brouwershaven until June 5.

This letter was written from Leiden to his true elder brother Genjiro. It states that he had arrived safely in Leiden, mentions affairs in Europe and America, and confers hearsay about the Namamugi Incident.

This journal covers the stay in the Netherlands from June 22, 1863 to May 23, 1865. It recorded in detail the Japanese calendar date, Gregorian calendar date, number of days since departing Edo, and number of days since arriving in the Netherlands. On August 14, 1863, Akamatsu, Hayashi and Enomoto observed a steel plate hardness test. On October 18, he went to Rotterdam, and on March 28, 1864 he visited a shipyard.

The first half is a copy of letters. The last half is a summary of gifts with illustrations at the time he left the Netherlands to return to Japan.

This journal gives his impressions during the voyage. It covers the period from November 27, 1862 until the shipwreck of the Calijpso on December 9, and the visit to the Napoleon historical site on the island of St. Helena from March 25 to 28, 1863. Belonged to Hayashi Wakaki.

This is written in pen on Western paper. It is a letter written by Uchida from the Port of Rio de Janeiro, while returning by ship to Japan, to Akamatsu Daisaburo who was still studying in the Netherlands. Dutch words written in Japanese katakana syllabary are mixed into the Japanese text. He reports that the return ship (Kaiyo-maru) is sturdy.

This is a journal of his voyage from the time he sailed from Edo on July 14, 1862 until May 10 the next year. When he left Edo and arrived in Shimoda on July 15, there was a measles outbreak, but Tsuda wrote "I am not concerned, because I had them as a child." At places in his daily record he wrote poems.

This is a letter written from Batavia by Tsuda Mamichi to his wife Nakako. He wrote that several days earlier the ship on which the dispatched students were sailing had been shipwrecked in the Gaspar Straight.

This is a chronological autobiography. He gives his family history and then writes his personal history from birth. With regard to his studies in the Netherlands, he mentions the order to study overseas in 1862, and records the period from the departure of Edo to making port at St. Helena. He then gives a summary of his studies of natural law, international public law, and other subjects in the Netherlands. This material was used in Nishi Amane den written by Mori Ogai.

This is a record of his return trip from the departure from Leiden in 1865, sightseeing in Paris on the way, to the arrival to Japan. The notes on the cover and margins are said to have been made by Mori Ogai. At the end of the book is written "Journal ends in February 1884 (Meiji 17)" but this was a writing error for 1894 (Meiji 27). This material was also used in Nishi Amane den written by Mori Ogai.

This was written by both Tsuda and Nishi. This shows the basic policies of the course curriculum and lectures when they studied the five subjects from S. Vissering during their studies in the Netherlands.

This is an account of the five subjects Nishi studied in the Netherlands. It was made after he returned to Japan. This is a draft of the introduction to Seiho setsuyaku, the lecture of S. Vissering that Nishi Amane planned to translate and publish. It was also created as the preface for the translations of the five subject lectures to be published, because Seiho setsuyaku is the first book of these lecture notes.

This is a translation by Nishi Amane of the S.Vissering's lectures on international public law. This translation became the forerunner of introductory works on international public law together with the Chinese translation of Elements of international law written by Henry Wheaton, that was translated by William Martin, a missionary living in China and reprinted in Japan in 1865: .

This is a translation draft of the lectures on national law by S. Vissering. Many corrections can be seen. The clean copy was presented to the Shogunate government and was published in 1868. Thereafter, it was republished during the beginning of the Meiji era and was widely read. Lectures on statistics was also translated by Tsuda and published in 1874 by the Statisitcs Division of the Dajokan under title: Hyoki teiko.

This work was edited and translated using Dutch books by J. Kramers in addition to English and other books. It has many illustrations and is based on materials collected while Uchida was studying in the Netherlands. It was published by the Daigaku Nanko (predecessor of Tokyo University) in 1870, and was widely read thereafter with many editions being published. The editing of Volumes 11 and 12 was continued by Nishimura Shigeki after the death of Uchida.